Overview
Erysipelas is an acute skin infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and is a more superficial and limited form of cellulitis. It is most commonly seen on the face or legs.
Epidemiology
- Erysipelas is more common in children, infants, and elderly people
Risk Factors
- Existing skin conditions/skin breaks (e.g. eczema, scratching)
- Immunocompromised states – such as HIV, immunosuppressant drugs
- Diabetes mellitus
Presentation
The features of erysipelas tend to present suddenly with:
- Erythematous, painful, oedematous rash that tends to have sharp borders
- The affected area can feel swollen and firm and can dimple like an orange peel
- The pain can be severe
- Associated systemic upset – often fevers, malaise, shivering, and fatigue
Management
Overview
Erysipelas is diagnosed clinically and treatment involves:
- 1st-line: oral flucloxacillin
- If allergic/unsuitable: clindamycin
